HIV Crisis in Mexico: A new diagnosis every 30 minutes and persistent stigma

In Mexico, the impact of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) continues to be alarming, with a new diagnosis every 30 minutes. This statistic resonates particularly strongly at the Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde in Guadalajara, where a significant number of pregnant women, transgender individuals, and young people between 16 and 24 years old are treated for this disease. Despite advances in prevention and treatment, stigma and misinformation surrounding HIV persist, hindering efforts to combat this health crisis. HIV attacks the immune system of individuals, specifically white blood cells, making them more vulnerable to infections and diseases. In its most advanced stage, it is classified as Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), which can lead to severe complications, including certain forms of cancer. The Head of the HIV Unit at the hospital, Luz Alicia González Hernández, highlights the importance of early detection and treatment, emphasizing that more than four thousand people are currently under care at this facility. Current treatment for people diagnosed with HIV has evolved significantly. At the Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, patients receive a daily pill that improves their quality of life and helps control the virus. This therapy has transformed the life expectancy of those living with the virus, allowing them to lead nearly normal lives. However, for those at risk, access to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), a preventive medication, is crucial. This strategy offers an effective way to reduce the likelihood of acquiring HIV through the daily intake of a pill. It is essential for individuals to actively participate in their health. According to González Hernández, all pregnant women should request an HIV test, as early detection can be crucial in preventing the transmission of the virus to the fetus. "Testing is vital, as in every pregnancy, the risk of transmission can increase by up to 50% if the diagnosis is not made in time," warns the specialist. The profile of patients treated at the hospital has revealed concerning trends. With an estimated 15 pregnant women and over 100 transgender individuals receiving treatment at HCG, researcher Carlo Valentino García y Nuño underscores the need to adapt treatments to the specific needs of these groups. “The medications approved initially are tested on adults, and then adjusted for special populations such as pregnant women and children,” he explains. The situation is even more delicate considering that many of the diagnosed individuals are young. This segment of the population, which includes those under 24 years old, seems to be at the forefront of the new wave of infections. The reasons behind these statistics are varied, ranging from a lack of comprehensive sexual education to limited access to adequate health services. In a country where HIV is often associated with social stigma, it is vital to disseminate clear and accurate information about how the virus is transmitted. Science has shown that HIV is not transmitted through everyday contact, such as hugging or sharing utensils. However, confusion and myths continue to fuel fear and discrimination, making it difficult for individuals to seek medical attention. The public health community is making significant efforts to change this narrative. Awareness and education initiatives have been implemented in various regions of the country, aiming to reduce stigma and encourage testing. The key to combating HIV lies not only in treatment but also in prevention and education. Each HIV diagnosis is a reminder of the urgent need to address this issue from multiple fronts. Health policies and education programs must be reinforced to ensure that all individuals have access to the information and resources needed to protect themselves. As the Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde continues its work, it is clear that the fight against HIV in Mexico is far from over, but hope lies in awareness and collective action.