Preparation for Earthquakes: Key Strategies to Ensure Your Safety in Spain

In a country like Spain, where seismic activity, although moderate compared to other places in the world, is a reality, it is essential to be prepared for the eventuality of an earthquake. According to data provided by the Andalusian Institute of Geophysics, Spain experiences approximately 2,500 earthquakes a year, but only about two per month are felt by the population. Despite their low frequency, preparation is crucial, especially in areas of high seismic activity. Prevention begins before the tremor occurs. It is advisable for households to have a first aid kit, flashlights, and batteries. Additionally, it is vital to know how to disconnect the supply of electricity, gas, and water. Having an emergency action plan, which includes a meeting place for the family, is an essential measure to ensure everyone's safety. An important aspect to consider is the emergency numbers. Although there is a centralized number like 112 for all emergencies, it is useful to have the contacts for Civil Protection, firefighters, health services, and the police readily available. This can facilitate communication in critical situations and help coordinate the response to a disaster. If you live in an area with high seismic activity, it is advisable to avoid placing heavy objects on tall furniture and to secure cabinets to the walls. The structure of the home should be periodically checked to ensure that it is safe and resistant to potential tremors. During an earthquake, the first piece of advice experts usually give is to remain calm. Generally, if the tremor is not very strong, it will last only a short time. However, if the shaking is felt more intensely, it is essential to know what to do to minimize risk. If you are inside a building, the recommendation is to stay there and seek a safe area, such as under a table or next to a sofa, while if you are outside, it is best to remain outside and move away from structures that may be dangerous. Inside buildings, you should avoid exterior walls, windows, and heavy objects that could fall. Additionally, you should never use the elevator, as this could lead to accidents in an emergency situation. In the event of a fire, it is crucial to extinguish it immediately, avoiding the use of matches or objects that generate flames during or after the tremor. When outside, it is essential to move away from electrical wires, cornices, and other elements that may collapse. Heading towards open areas and avoiding running is a measure that can help prevent additional accidents. Upon reaching a safe place, you should check for injuries and provide assistance if possible, keeping in mind that seriously injured individuals should not be moved unless you know how to do so properly. After a strong tremor, it is equally important to check the status of water, gas, and electricity lines. If in doubt, it is better to turn off the main valves and notify the technicians or competent authorities. During emergencies, the use of telephones should be restricted, except in cases of extreme urgency, to avoid overwhelming communication lines. Finally, it is crucial to stay informed. Connecting to the radio can be an effective way to receive instructions and updates from authorities about the situation. After a severe shake, citizens should proceed with caution when leaving the building, considering that there may be structural damage and a risk of aftershocks. After a strong earthquake, aftershocks are common and can cause additional damage. Therefore, the recommendations from Civil Protection and official guidelines should be followed rigorously to ensure everyone's safety. Preparation and knowledge are the best tools to face a seismic event and minimize its consequences.