Revolution in the treatment of pituitary tumors with endoscopic surgery in Peru

The recent introduction of endonasal endoscopic surgery in Peru has revolutionized the treatment of pituitary tumors, allowing for the removal of these growths without the need to open the skull. This innovative technique has become a standard at the Anglo American Clinic, where a multidisciplinary team of specialists works together to address this complex pathology that, although often underestimated, affects a significant number of people. Pituitary tumors, which represent between 25% and 30% of all brain tumors, can have devastating effects on a patient’s hormonal and visual health. The pituitary gland, responsible for regulating multiple hormonal functions in the body, can be severely impacted by these growths. Symptoms can range from headaches and vision problems to hormonal imbalances that can disrupt menstrual cycles and affect fertility, making the need for appropriate surgical intervention urgent. Endonasal endoscopic surgery presents a key advancement, offering a less invasive alternative compared to traditional methods. This procedure allows neurosurgeons to access the base of the skull through the nose, minimizing the risk of complications and shortening recovery time. As Dr. Diego Saldaña explains, this approach significantly reduces the risk of infections and damage to adjacent brain structures, resulting in a smoother recovery for patients. It is important to note that pituitary tumors can be functioning or non-functioning. The former generate an excess of hormones that can lead to various symptoms, such as milk secretion in non-lactating women or the enlargement of facial features in adults. On the other hand, non-functioning tumors may exert pressure on the optic nerves, resulting in vision loss that often goes unnoticed until the patient encounters everyday situations that reveal the issue. Symptoms and evaluation of the tumors are approached comprehensively. Diagnosis begins with the identification of symptoms, whether hormonal or visual, and imaging tests are often required to confirm the presence of a tumor. In many cases, tumors are discovered incidentally, highlighting the importance of regular medical check-ups and paying attention to the signs the body presents. Once diagnosed, treatment is personalized depending on the type and size of the tumor. In situations where the tumor causes alterations in vision or hormone levels, surgery becomes the preferred option. Endonasal endoscopic surgery, with its minimally invasive technique, offers patients renewed hope and a significantly reduced recovery time compared to traditional surgeries. However, despite the advancements, recovery after surgery must be carefully monitored to prevent complications. Although most patients can resume their daily activities within a couple of weeks, regular follow-ups remain necessary to ensure there is no tumor recurrence or long-term hormonal issues. The risk of a pituitary tumor returning exists, although it is relatively low. In cases where tumors are difficult to completely remove, additional treatments such as radiation therapy may be necessary. This combination of surgery and complementary treatment reflects the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing these cases. From a prevention perspective, early diagnosis remains crucial. Experts agree that while there are no clear methods to prevent the development of pituitary tumors, recognizing symptoms and seeking timely medical attention significantly improves prognosis and allows for less invasive treatment. Pituitary tumors serve as a reminder of the complexity of the human body and the need for specialized medical attention. With the advancement of endonasal endoscopic surgery and collaboration among specialists in neurosurgery, endocrinology, and otolaryngology, patients in Peru now have a treatment option that not only aims to eliminate the tumor but also to improve their quality of life and restore their physical and emotional well-being.