"Cuba as a model in risk communication in the face of extreme weather phenomena."

The growing concern over extreme weather phenomena has led many nations to rethink their risk communication strategies. Cuba, a country that has successfully faced various crises, has become a benchmark in managing information about natural and human-induced disasters. As the world confronts hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, and other calamities, risk prevention becomes a fundamental duty of the state and responsible organizations, who must prepare the community to act effectively in the face of these eventualities. Cuba's experience highlights the crucial role that media play in emergency coverage. Radio, in particular, has been an invaluable tool during the COVID-19 pandemic, providing updated and accurate information about the virus and preventive measures. Doctors and specialists have used this medium to communicate with the population, dispel doubts, and foster a climate of trust during a time of uncertainty. This proactive approach has shown that effective communication can be a pillar of public health and community safety. Recent unfortunate events, such as the explosions at the Saratoga Hotel and the Supertankers in Matanzas, have underscored the importance of well-informed and agile journalism. In these cases, journalists not only reported what was happening but also provided context and analysis, helping citizens understand the magnitude of the events and their consequences. This work goes beyond the simple transmission of information: it is a commitment to truth and the education of the population. Risk prevention involves not only reacting to disasters but also creating a culture of safety and resilience. To achieve this, it is essential for the community to be organized and willing to adopt new strategies. This change of attitude must be supported by an educational approach that empowers citizens to make informed decisions in the face of risk situations. The ability to anticipate events and prepare adequately is key to mitigating their adverse effects. The role of media and journalism professionals becomes critical in this context. It is fundamental that reporters not only inform about disasters but also conduct investigations and seek answers before events occur. This preventive approach will contribute to a more informed citizenry capable of responding appropriately in times of crisis. Education on safety issues must be considered a priority on the media agenda. Journalist Diana Rosa Schlachter Piñón emphasizes the importance of addressing scientific topics with a critical and conscious perspective. The complexity of natural phenomena and their interactions with economic and political factors require careful and well-informed treatment. Continuous training for the media on these topics becomes essential to create a culture of prevention that transcends mere superficial information. Today, the use of Information and Communication Technologies has transformed the way news coverage is conducted. Citizens have the opportunity to share their own experiences and narratives, enriching the available information and allowing for greater community interaction. This democratization of information is a positive step toward a more active and engaged citizenry. However, it is crucial that media adapt to the demands of internet users, who seek clear, concise, and accessible information, especially in emergency situations. A lack of understanding regarding catastrophic phenomena can exacerbate the vulnerability of the population and contribute to a state of misinformation that, in turn, can worsen the consequences of a disaster. Transparency and clarity in communication are, therefore, essential elements in risk management. Finally, it is fundamental for governments and institutions to promote policies that facilitate education in risk prevention and strengthen the population's response capacity. By investing in the preparation and training of citizens, an environment is created where collective awareness allows for facing the challenges posed by natural phenomena and human-induced crises. Risk prevention through communication is not only a responsibility but also an opportunity to build safer and more resilient communities.